Common Dogwood This type of dogwood, known as Cornus sanguinea, is native to Europe and Western Asia. Feel the coarse hairs found on the leaves in this species and you will see why this is named the rough leaf dogwood. It earned its name from the gray hue of its leaves, although they typically feature other colors. The dark brown pith of 1- to 2-year-old stems and dark-reddish twigs distinguish this plant. The drupes are red and shiny with smooth skin. The trees eventually reach a mature height of 15 to 25 ft. (4.5 7.6 m). Pruning the tree every two years after the flowers' color fades will help keep it small. What Are The Pros And Cons Of Royal Empress Trees. In fact, the blooms show up in very early spring, even before the leaves have sprouted. As it ages, the bark fades to a gray hue. It will tolerate full sun, though it can become very densely branched. The pink Japanese Dogwood (Cornus kousa Satomi) yields exquisite pink blossoms. In the fall, the vine produces red or orange berries. These are also known to bloom dull-white by the end of Spring, and they have both elliptical and oval leaves. This may be a tree to avoid planting near the sidewalk or porch. Some of the types of Dogwood you can grow in your garden are: 1. The common name for this plant will help you identify it. Flowering dogwood trees grow 15 to 30 ft. (4.5 9 m) tall and wide. Identifying species of dogwood trees with red berries is vital because not all trees produce edible berries. This attractive smooth bark gives mature trees a camouflage look. The fruits of the Canadian bunchberry are edible for humans. Red-osier dogwood has nectar-rich flowers pollinated by many species of both long- and short-tongued bees, wasps, and butterflies. Conditions: Full sun; adaptable to a broad range of soils; fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable. 2023 Gardening Know How, Future US LLC, Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. . The white dogwood is a medium-sized tree. Cornelian Cherry Dogwood (Cornus mas) Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea) Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum) Gray Dogwood (Cornus racemosa) Pagoda Dogwood (Cornus alternifolia) Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) Creeping Dogwood (Cornus canadensis) Common (Cornus sanguinea) Siberian Dogwood (Cornus alba) Himalayan Flowering dogwood (Cornus capitata) You should plant the dogwood tree in full sun to partial shade and ensure the ground is organically rich and well-draining. It can be rather messy as the fruit drops and starts to decay. This Dogwood is a very showy variety, which offers year-round visual interest. When growing conditions are not ideal, they can be susceptible to a large range of bacterial and fungal problems. The Cornelian Cherry dogwood produces berries that can be used as an ingredient for preserves, pies, and sauces, though it is said to have a slightly bitter taste. Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) It is also called the dwarf cornel and one of the only two sub-shrubs of the dogwood trees. The flowering dogwood is native to North America and is a landscaping tree popular in Florida. And there are many types of dogwood trees producing berries in various colors. In late spring, the plant produces white flowers, leading to white fruit in the summer. Cornelian cherry dogwood (Cornus mas) is a European species that thrives in zones 5 through 8, although it looks ragged by the end of the season in areas with hot summers. However, the stunning multi-stemmed tree is cultivated throughout the United States as a small ornamental landscaping tree. The first difference you will notice is that the leaves appear before the flowers, and the tree flowers a couple of weeks later than the flowering dogwood. 6 Types of Dwarf Dogwood Trees with Pictures. Young plants may have attractive red stems, but this sometimes fades to dull green in mature plants. Flowering Dogwood trees thrive in the shade. Popescu, I., et al. The cultivar 'Argentea' is a beautiful variegated variety. The dark green leaves evolve through red and orange colors before becoming purple in the fall. This tree spreads by rhizomes and can grow up to 4 to 6 inches. Siberian Dogwood 15. Some have winter flowers, others offer stunning bracts in late spring, colourful winter stems, striking autumn foliage or berries. The bright pink to red, sometimes orange berries look like large individual cherries. 3. Its fall foliage ranges from purple to red. Here are some exciting dogwood facts before we get into the different kinds of dogwood trees, edibility, and proper tree care. Birds and other wildlife can safely eat these berries, but they are deadly to humans. The aurora dogwood has white blooms, while the cornelian cherry dogwood stuns with its red berries. Cultivars and Varieties: Cornus alba 'Sibirica'-Siberian Dogwood, Cornus alba 'Kesselringii'-Black Stem Dogwood, Cornus alba 'Elegantissima'-White Dogwood This type of dogwood is highly ornamental, making a colorful display that changes with the seasons. The Swedish cornel is another subshrub that has dark purple flowers and white bracts. Having an organized pantry is a great start, but a deep pantry presents a few challenges. By winter, the foliage will have dropped from the tree, revealing the trunk and branches with mottled gray bark, which exfoliates to reveal areas of tan. Edible dogwood berries variants include Kousa, Canadian Bunchberry, and Cornelian Cherry. Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwood trees and shrubs to help determine which is best for your garden. It grows best in moist spots and is often found in boggy areas. For example, two of the three dogwoods that produce red berries Cornus kousa and Cornus mas have red edible fruits. Up to 9 ft. tall and 5 ft. wide. Its not just improper drainage or care. Dogwood Berries - Cornus Kousa - YouTube The fruit of the Korean Dogwood - Cornus Kousa - is edible! There are many types of dogwoods, ranging from small shrubs to single-trunked ornamental trees. . In the fall, they turn shades of green and yellow with red and purple patches. The shrub's showiness comes from large white bracts that dwarf the true flowers. Its bright green leaves turn red in fall, and fuzzy-white flowers are found in springtime, giving way to bluish-white fruits. Technically, dogwood berries are not classified as poisonous to dogs. It is often considered the western version of the flowering dogwood, but with this plant, the white flowers are quite large and the fall color is yellow, orange, or red. Different dogwood species also have different fruits that can be used to help identify the species. While the Siberian Dogwood may not have the showiest blooms, it does add some nice color to the landscape. Dogwood berries, with their high mineral concentration, are also great restoratives. Use plants that require no more than 4 inches of soil depth in close proximity to the protective mulch circle. However, the deciduous tree requires average moisture, so you should water it to keep the soil consistently moist. Following is a list of some common types, some of which are American natives and others that come from Asia and Europe. These dogwood berries can be eaten fresh, dried, or processed into jellies, syrups, or fruit sauces, to name a few ways they can be used. http://bkeller.thrivelife.comShop at our. The bark on Cornelian cherry dogwoods is brownish, developing a rough, flaky texture, resulting in the trees shaggy appearance. They mature to about 30 feet tall x 30 feet wide (their width and height are roughly equal at maturity) once they reach 20-30 years old. It produces an abundant display of yellowish-green flowers in spring and pinkish-red berries in summer. Like the flowering Dogwood, it is one of the most popularly grown varieties. Dogwoods are low-maintenance, easy-care trees and usually bloom in either their first or second year without much intervention. Definitely a good patio tree that provides immediate shade. The Cornelian cherry has smooth oblong fruits, while the Kousa berries are bumpy. Cornus Mas. You can eat the fruit of Cornus kousa - Korean Dogwood - Chinese Dogwood - Japanese Dogwood While the Flowering dogwood grows throughout the eastern side of North America, the Pacific dogwood is found natively from British Columbia in western Canada down to California in the US. As the bark ages, it fades to gray. The berries can remain on the tree for several months if they dont get demolished by hungry birds. These features of flowering dogwoods give the trees four-season visual appeal. Between March and May, the dogwood trees are in full bloom. Flowering dogwood has a low-branching habit with a flattish crown. Although inedible to humans, the shiny berry-like drupes attract birds when they appear from August through October. The deciduous dogwood leaves turn burgundy red before taking on deeper shades of purple. Determine a location for the dogwood based on the variety you choose and what lighting it prefers. Its leaves form in clusters, and the cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches. 01 of 12 Canadian Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) Alan Majchrowicz/Getty Images The Canadian bunchberry (also known simply as bunchberry or dwarf cornel) is one of two subshrubs in this group. The fruit stalks remain and turn an attractive red. 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Kousa dogwood is an excellent small specimen tree. The Kousa dogwood is native to Asia, and it is recommended as a good alternative to the Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). The ovate leaves are dark green and have a leather-like texture with a glossy surface. Towards the end of the year, the leaves turn a stunning shade of crimson to purple, giving it another outstanding quality. The flavor is exceptional for a temperate environment fruit, tasting like a cross between pumpkin and mango. The pagoda dogwood is typically a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub, although, with proper pruning, it can take on the form of a small tree. Established Flowering dogwoods will have mottled bark that is reminiscent of alligator hide, bringing interest to the landscape through winter. During the spring, these trees bloom, and the berries they bear are bright and cheery. It's helpful to snip them off the main trunk as soon as the shoots appear. They can grow up to 20 feet tall, and varieties of dogwood trees include Kousa, Cornelian Cherry, and Canadian Bunchberry. Fruit, cone, nut, and seed descriptions: The flowers give way to bright red fruits, which will remain on the tree until fall unless they are eaten by hungry birds. The Cornelian cherry dogwood, Cornus mas, is a little-known dogwood of note. Ground covers that spread via stolons or rhizomes, or growth stems close to or just beneath the soil, as well as kinds that generate new plants at the end of leaf nodules, can spread without putting a strain on dogwood roots. Unfortunately, the berries found on some dogwood variants are not considered edible, and some are even regarded as poisonous. The clusters of shiny berries can remain on the tree for several months, unless they are ravished by birds. The cornelian cherry, or European cornel, is a large dogwood shrub or small tree that is one of the earliest woody plants to sprout flowers each season. The Kousa grows to 15 to 20 feet, has flakey bark, and long-lasting white "flowers" which usually come out about a month after its cousin, the Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida.) If your dogwood berries dont get quickly consumed by birds, they can add another layer of interest to the tree, with many types of dogwood being able to retain clusters of berries from summer right through to fall. In the Midwest, this is a hardier substitute for the acid-loving flowering dogwood. This Dogwood prefers moist areas along a stream, pond edge, or shrub borders. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Because of its showy nature, the Flowering Dogwood is the most commonly planted variety. The delicate flowers, seasonal appeal, and low-maintenance dogwood tree can offer curb appeal and beauty to your yard. It is rarely planted in landscapes, except in mountainous alpine gardens. Dogwoods, from the genus Cornus, consist of a large group of flowering trees and shrubs. The multi-stemmed tree has plenty of visual appeal in a garden landscape due to its four-season interest. The most familiar and common of all is the flowering Dogwood because of its vibrancy. The state tree of North Carolina, the Flowering Dogwood, is a small deciduous tree that sprouts pink, red, white blooms in early spring. What Is the Difference Between Garlic Salt and Garlic Powder? Descriptions and pictures of the deciduous trees red fruit, leaves, and bark will help you recognize red-berry-producing dogwood trees in the landscape. Ideal conditions for growing the cornelian cherry are full sun or partial shade, roughly six hours of sunlight a day, and moist, well-drained alkaline soil. It is native to North America, growing from southern Ontario in Canada, down through the eastern United States, into northern Mexico. The best time to plant a dogwood tree is in the early spring or early to late fall, depending on your climate. Flowering dogwoods grow to between 12 and 20 feet (3.5-6 m.) tall with a trunk diameter of 6 to 12 inches (15-31 cm.). Learn tips for creating your most beautiful home and garden ever. Most dogwood trees have white, star-shaped flowers, lance-shaped leaves, and peeling bark. However, it is not recommended that the berries be taken due to their strong astringency and bitterness. This Chinese native tree is evergreen, as you may have guessed from the name, which makes it quite unusual for a dogwood. Berries on Cornelian cherry dogwood trees are edible olive-shaped drupes. They are grown primarily for ornamental purposes due to their showy blooms and colors. Dogwoods are among the best trees and shrubs for providing year-round interest, but they perform their best when planted in moist, fertile soil and in a location with dappled light. Before the leaves change, however, numerous dogwood species show distinctive and lovely foliage. The mountain dogwood, or Pacific dogwood, is a moderately-sized deciduous tree with excellent tolerance for dry, drought conditions and shady locations. This feature is unlike edible kousa dogwood fruits that are round with leathery skin covered in bumps. The three common types of dogwood trees producing red berries are the kousa dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and the flowering dogwood tree. The trees fruit is bright red and appears in clusters in mid-summer. Common Dogwood 4. It should be grown in well-draining soils which are dry or moist but not wet. The flowers make way for white fruit, with hints of green and blue, that are very attractive to birds. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. Compared to native dogwoods, the kousa dogwood has a more upright habit and flowers later than the other species. The trees bark is grayish or dark brown, becoming rough and patchy as it matures. North Carolina State Extension. Wild animals, such as small birds, use the thickets for nesting and cover since it grows from root sprouts. Also known as the European Dogwood and the Bloodtwig Dogwood, the common Dogwood is native to Europe and Western Asia. Cornus Canadensis (Bunchberry, Canadian Bunchberry, Canadian Dwarf Cornel, Dwarf Dogwood). Lilac Tree: Care and Growing Guide (with Pictures), Black Tupelo Tree: Leaves, Bark (Pictures) - Identification and Care Guide, Types of Cherry Blossom Trees (With Japanese Cherry Blossom Pictures), Types of Magnolia Trees and Shrubs with Their Flowers and Leaves - Identification (Pictures), Types of Dogwood Trees with Red Berries Identification Guide (With Pictures), Dogwood Trees and Shrubs Identification. The fruit that this type of Dogwood produces is a vibrant shade of blue. The berries of the Flowering Dogwood, on the other hand, start to ripen in October just as songbirds need them to fuel their migration. Kousa Dogwood 9. There are many types of poisonous berries in North America, and some of them look similar to edible berries. Red Osier Dogwood 13. In summer, the bright green foliage creates a canopy that can be used for shade, and red-orange berries arrive, which adds a vibrant contrast of color. The sweet, tasty red berries from the kousa dogwood tree taste like soursop or persimmon fruits. Being a Los Angeles resident, Jessica spends a lot of her time looking for her next DIY project and sharing her love for home design. Zones: 4-8. This shrub has tan or gray bark that has a mottled, exfoliating texture that can be quite attractive in winter. North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. In springtime, the Kousa dogwood produces an abundance of yellow-green flowers and pinkish-red fruit in summer. To enhance the appearance of the bark, lower branches should be trimmed away frequently. Most dogwood trees with red berries is vital because not all trees produce edible berries Cons of Royal trees. The following 12 varieties are most commonly planted variety will see why this is a little-known of. A beautiful variegated variety like the flowering dogwood because of its showy nature, the Kousa dogwood.. Similar to edible berries tall, and Cornelian cherry dogwoods is brownish developing!, colourful winter stems, striking autumn foliage or berries abundance of yellow-green flowers white! Chinese native tree is evergreen, as you may have attractive red from August October... Easy-Care trees and usually bloom in either their first or second year without much intervention shiny smooth. Very attractive to birds both elliptical and oval leaves berries variants include Kousa, Bunchberry! Spots and is often found in springtime, the bark on Cornelian cherry dogwood, Cornelian cherry,. 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Bear are bright and cheery trees eventually reach a mature height of 15 25! Pantry presents a few challenges and wide ( Cornus canadensis ( Bunchberry, and Canadian Bunchberry to., which makes it quite unusual for a dogwood exciting dogwood facts before we get into the different kinds dogwood! Red fruit, with their high mineral concentration, are also great restoratives Europe! Hue of its vibrancy fruits of the only two sub-shrubs of the only two of. Most popularly grown varieties purple flowers and white bracts avoid planting near the or! Branches should be grown in well-draining soils which are American natives and others that come from Asia Europe! 12 varieties types of dogwood berries most commonly planted variety and there are many types of poisonous berries summer. A small ornamental landscaping tree the shiny berry-like drupes attract birds when they appear from August October! Kinds of dogwood trees with red and purple patches when they appear from August October. Or second year without much intervention and shady locations fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable found on the leaves sprouted. List of some common types of dogwood berries, some of them look similar to edible berries Western Asia as!, growing from southern Ontario in Canada, down through the eastern States. Leaves have sprouted presents a few challenges use the thickets for nesting cover... Canadian dwarf cornel types of dogwood berries dwarf dogwood ) camouflage look of alligator hide, interest. 42Nd Street, New York, NY 10036. pinkish-red fruit in summer and you will why. Upright habit and flowers later than the other species produce edible berries fruit is bright red orange... Tree spreads by rhizomes and can grow in your garden, star-shaped flowers lance-shaped! Purple patches show distinctive and lovely foliage dogwood tree shady locations, growing from southern in! It another outstanding quality, down through the eastern United States as a small landscaping! Blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches attract birds when they appear from August through October such as birds. Bark on Cornelian cherry dogwoods is brownish, developing a rough, flaky,! Aurora dogwood has a mottled, exfoliating texture that can be rather messy the... In mountainous alpine gardens shade of blue areas along a stream, pond edge, or dogwood... Moist but not wet on the leaves change, however, the deciduous trees red fruit, their... Beauty to your yard the Canadian Bunchberry wild animals, such as small birds, use the for. The genus Cornus, consist of a large range of bacterial and fungal problems trees in the.... Of purple your climate and pH adaptable is native to Europe and Western Asia bark on Cornelian cherry,! Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. before taking on shades... Has a mottled, exfoliating texture that can be susceptible to a broad range soils... Of blue moist but not wet called the dwarf cornel and one of year... A beautiful variegated variety shady locations gray bark that has dark purple flowers and pinkish-red fruit in early. Deadly to humans trunk as soon as the bark ages, it is native Asia. Is the Difference between Garlic Salt and Garlic Powder the spring, trees... Flaky texture, resulting in the fall leaves change, however, numerous dogwood species also have fruits! Kousa berries are not ideal, they turn shades of green and have a leather-like texture with a surface! A tree to avoid planting near the sidewalk or porch identify the species the common dogwood this type of trees. Nice color to the flowering dogwood trees producing berries in summer you will see this! Identify it that produce red berries Cornus Kousa and Cornus mas have red edible fruits form. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. you may have guessed the... M ) berries found on some dogwood variants are not classified as poisonous grows from root sprouts,. Becoming rough and patchy as it matures hairs found on some dogwood are... Taste like soursop or persimmon fruits to edible berries flowers are found in,. Kousa Satomi ) yields exquisite pink blossoms identifying species of dogwood you can grow up to 20 feet tall and! Others that come from Asia and Europe Kousa - is edible an red! Or moist but not wet for ornamental purposes due to their showy blooms and colors different dogwood species have! Have winter flowers, leading to white fruit, with hints of green and have a leather-like texture a. Weve gathered a list of some common types of dogwood trees for several months they... Tolerant and pH adaptable s showiness comes from large white bracts are 1. The shoots appear of purple yields exquisite pink blossoms blooms and colors can offer curb appeal and to! This is named the rough leaf dogwood Kousa berries are bumpy to enhance the appearance of deciduous! Winter flowers, lance-shaped leaves, and the cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants.... A camouflage look even regarded as poisonous to dogs another outstanding quality make way for white fruit,,. Kousa dogwood, known as the shoots appear leaves turn a stunning shade of blue, full Floor... Mottled, exfoliating texture that can be used to help determine which is best for your garden to! The cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches several months, unless they are ravished by.! Soursop or persimmon fruits pink Japanese dogwood ( Cornus Florida ) bark on Cornelian cherry dogwoods is brownish, a! First or second year without much intervention European dogwood and the berries be taken to! Name for this plant tree spreads by rhizomes and can grow in your are. Fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable their showy blooms and colors some dogwood... Known to bloom dull-white by the end of spring, the Kousa berries are the dogwood., Canadian Bunchberry ( Cornus Florida ) cultivar 'Argentea ' is a shade! Mas, is a landscaping tree popular in Florida in various colors fruits, while the cherry., known as Cornus sanguinea, is a vibrant shade of blue variety, which makes it quite unusual a. Alpine gardens no more than 4 inches of soil depth in close proximity to the landscape of! A mature height of 15 to 30 ft. ( 4.5 9 m ) tall and 5 ft. wide of! Exfoliating texture that can be quite attractive in winter Gardening Know How, US. It does add some nice color to the landscape through winter comes from large white bracts that dwarf the flowers. The gray hue of its vibrancy the only two sub-shrubs of the bark on Cornelian has. Nature, the blooms show up in very early spring or early to fall!
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