Despite the modern-day perception, the vast majority of the men who responded were not minutemen, but regular militia. Patriots Day | Article Key Places on April 18-19, 1775 Minutemen were members of the organized New England colonial militia companies trained in weaponry, tactics, and military strategies during the American Revolutionary War. [7] These minutemen were to comprise one-quarter of the whole militia, to be enlisted under the direction of the field-officers, and divide into companies, consisting of at least 50 men each. Today the United States Army traces its roots back to the creation of the Continental Army on June 14, 1775, but its traditions go even further back to locally raised militias and the common citizen soldier. He, with the others from Shirley reached Acton about eleven oclock where they heard of the fight at Concord and of the retreat; but they concluded to march on, and pursued the enemy to Cambridge. Elizabeth (Pierce) Wyman, wife of Amos, is said to have fed her visitors boiled potatoes, pork and bread instead of the salmon which her guests had planned to eat at the Lexington parsonage, and Hancock is reported to have sent a cow to his hostess at a later date in appreciation of her hospitality. Joseph Warren had given our ancestor Reuben Dow his commission. Like the militia organization itself, training day had a large administrative mission. He has a wide range of interests and has worked in museums and historic sites that range from the Colonial era to the Civil War era and the early 20th Century. James Joness co., Gen. Jacksons regt. As a token of support, they traded gunpowder to the Colonials for other goods needed in Europe. 19 Apr 1775 Wing, David, Sandwich. Here the fighting became hand to hand and brutal. Since 1968 the games have started early, in the morning, around 11:00 am. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. The British officers were proven wrong. At the first outbreak of the Revolution,he took an active and leading part in opposition to the oppressive measures of the British ministry. Rather than exercising his rank, Warren served in the battle as a private soldier, and was killed in combat when British troops stormed the redoubt atopBreeds Hill. Phelix Cuff, an African-American man from Waltham Timothy Danielson Isaac Davis Thomas Dawes William Dawes Prince Estabrook, an African-American from Lexington Christian Febiger Brigadier General Nathaniel Freeman Joseph Frye Thomas Gardner Toby Gilmore Baxter Hall John Hancock John Hannum III Lemuel Haynes George Robert Twelves Hewes John Dexter (1735-1800) Zerubbabel Eager Samuel Gates William Goodall Pomeroy Grove Joel Hager Robert Horn Abraham Howe Luke Howe Samuel Hudson David Hunter Samuel Kelley Edward Knapp Jonathan Lamb William Loring Samuel McNale Francis Mensurve Francis Morse Joseph Newton Aaron Nurse Roger Phelps (1760-1832) Joseph Pulling Ashbel Rice Gershom Rice William Perleys Company of Minutemen, Col. James Fryes Regiment, (10th Massachusetts Regiment), which was in service seven days at the time of the Lexington Alarm, 19 Apr. Once they got there, they did not know which Indians to fight or why. The Sons of Liberty in Boston believed when British General, The Lexington militiamen that filed onto the Lexington Green the morning of April 19, 1775, were there as a show of force, to remind British authorities that the colonists were armed and ready to defend themselves. Dozens of these interviews were conducted in the days, weeks, and months after the fighting. Hannigan, John D. "How many men of color served on April 19, and from which towns? Stephen Richardsons Attleboro co. of Minute-men, which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775; service, 6 days; reported enlisted into the army May 15, 1775. The next entry states "January 20th 1775 this was the first time that the minute men meet"; the names of volunteers who failed to report are carefully recorded. Many simply wore their own farmers' or workmen's clothes and, in some cases, they wore cloth hunting frocks. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. ; return of men in service from Dec. 14, 1776, to March 1, 1777; reported discharged Jan. 27, 1777. Stephen Richardsons 4th (2nd Attleborough, also given Attleborough No. Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson-in-law Nathaniel Shattuck (1746 Groton 1815Groton), Shattuck, Nathaniel, Groton Private, Captain Asa Lawrences Company; Col. William Prescotts Regiment Muster Rolls dated Aug 1 1775; Enlisted as a private, 25 April 1775, Service 3 months, 8 days; Also company returned dated Oct 6 1776 reported absent, Francis RICHARDSONsgrandsonJedediah Richardson (1747 Attleboro, Bristol, Mass 1838 Shipton, Richmond, Quebec). After the fighting ended at Lexington and Concord, the Massachusetts Provincial Congress began to take dispositions from those involved in the fighting on April 19, 1775. General Clinton, out on reconnaissance that night, was aware of them, and tried to convince Gage and Howe that they needed to prepare to attack the position at daylight. Col. Spoffordmarched to Cambridge, April 19, 1775. Most militias would muster and train in town and county centers, usually on court days. For all the benefits of a militia force, George Washington knew for the United States to gain its independence and to create a truly nation state, a nationalized standing army needed to be created. Stephen Richardson was one. In July 1775, George Washington took command of the assembled militia and transformed them into a more coherent army. Washington did his best to navigate the issue, but his long-range goal was to create an American army, not an army based on former colony identities. Militias mostly trained on a seasonal basis, but minutemen companies were established to provide more regular training (sometimes weekly) of the best men in the militia. He was first a private in Capt. Simon died of these wounds on Dec. 31, 1776 at his fathers home in Groton. The immediate predecessor to the organized Minuteman concept colony-wide was the Picket Guard, a concept of a rapid responder that never came to fruition because the legislation in the Colony of Massachusetts House of Representatives was never passed because the war ended. Previously, it had been designated as April 19 in observance of the anniversary of theBattles of Lexington and Concord. Two years later he became governor of Massachusetts. Thomas later became First Lieutenant under Capt. The orderly sergeant of the Lexington minutemen and proprietor of Lexingtons Munroe Tavern, William Munroe, led the group from Lexington along the road to Woburns second parish (Burlington). Joshua marched for the relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm, April 1775 and was on the roll of Captain Eliphalet Holmes Company of Minute-Men which was raised in May 1776. As much as Washington attempted to create a professional army, short term enlistments and lack of support from Congress which included untimely pay and lack of supplies among other issues hindered the performance of the army. This brought many more citizens to Samuel Adams's side, and he pressed the Committees of Correspondence to hold County Conventions to revamp the militia. To the left of the tavern is the Memorial to the Lexington Minutemen of 1775, erected in 1949, and containing the names of the Minutemen who died on the Green in the first battle of the Revolutionary War. During theFrench and Indian WarColonelMeserve led theNew Hampshire Provincial Regimentin 1756 toFort EdwardNew York. At around 7 a.m. on April 19th word came to the town that 700 British Regulars were marching toward Lexington and Concord, presumably to seize a cache of weapons and ammunition stockpiled by the colonials. Colonel Prescotts nine companies became the 10th Massachusetts Regiment of the Continental Line. The patriots leader, Captain John Parker, was courageous and fought with his men until the end. One of the factions in Bethesda's 2015 video game Fallout 4, which is set in Massachusetts, is called the "Commonwealth Minutemen". Upon returning to Lexington, Smiths expedition was rescued by reinforcements underBrigadier GeneralHugh Percy. By the next morning, Boston was surroundedby a huge militia army, numbering over 15,000, which had marched from throughout New England. Prescott, seeing the British preparations, called for reinforcements. Served under Capt. Six of Thomas COLEMANs grandsons marched on the alarm of April 19. About 300 sick men were accommodated in the large three-story wood structure. As Captain, he marched to Fort Ticonderoga and thence to Fort Edwards to join forces againstBurgoyne. Lexington Minute Men M-Z Abner Meade Nathaniel Mulliken Ebenezer Munroe Jr. Edmund Munroe Nathan Munroe Stephen Munroe Isaac Muzzy Jonas Parker Sr Jonas Parker Jr Nathaniel Parkhurst Solomon Peirce Asahel Porter Joshua Reed Sr. and Joshua Reed Jr. Elijah Sanderson Samuel Sanderson John Smith Phineas Stearns John Tidd Samuel Tidd Joel Viles Both of these men held commissions of rank, but chose to serve as infantry. The town then adopted a resolution that we will at all times endeavor to maintain our liberty and priviledges both civil and sacred, even at the risque of our lives and fortunes, etc.. This kept the British under sporadic fire, and caused them to exhaust their limited ammunition. 1 North Bridge ? 1775 (Lexington) to headquarters at Cambridge, fourteen days; also Private on a Pay roll, dated 13 Jan. 1776, of Capt. 22 Nov 1779 Discharged, John WING IVsgrandson James Bangs (1738 in Harwich, Barnstable, Mass 1810 Stanstead, Quebec, Canada). For 50 miles around Boston, militiamen were marching in response. He was a Deputy to the Connecticut General Assembly 176972. The militia in the New England colonies were organized in regiments county. Sports field receives county's approval. Colonel William Prescott's Middlesex regiment had not yet split and had ten companies of militia and seven of minutemen. Apr Jun 1778 Tending Sick at Yellow Springs. In May 1643, a joint council was formed. Service 25 Days. Elijah Perry, Sergeant, Capt. A month later the amount was raised to eighteen pounds. Minutemen. Later he was stationed at Peekskill NY, and participated in the Battle of Saratoga. The alarm spread quickly to the surrounding countryside, and by late morning the two Pepperell minuteman companies were marching toward Concord, some fifteen miles away. Topsfield, December 26, 1775. Bliss company Col Patersons regiment reported commissioned May 3 1776. [18] There were still some cases where men in the Minuteman companies had to be provided arms. I think you have the wrong house. She was born in New Jersey and it is rumored that she was a good friend of Joseph Warren, one of the patriot leaders. Both sides claimed the other side shot first, thus placing blame on their enemy for the bloodshed that ensued. Until the 2003 rebranding featuring a modernized Sam the Minuteman, the logo featured the Concord Minute Man statue prominently. Most of them re-enlisted in a new company under Captain Dow and the same Lieutenants. They were to respond, at a minutes notice. Other colonies also adopted similar units naming them training bands or minutemen. On April 19, 1775 thousands of militia units responded to the alarm in Lexington and Concord from across New England. (See Dudley Tylers section below for the story of this regiment)Isaac was included on a list of surgeons to whom warrants were issued Jun 28, 1775 and was commissioned Jul 5, 1775 by the Massachusetts Prov. More men were lost from Groton than from any other town, a total of twelve, including six of Asas men who were killed outright and a number of others wounded. The company marched 6O miles and saw a service of 3 to 5 days. [further explanation needed]. That same month, Parliament passed "An Act for the better regulating the Government of the Province of Massachusetts-Bay" and "An Act for the more impartial administration of justice in said Province," otherwise known as the Intolerable Acts, which were designed to remove power from the towns.[12]. TheBoston Marathonis run on Patriots Day every year so many Bostonians know the holiday as Marathon Monday. Salem is remembered for fatally shooting British officer Major . His name appears on the Coat Rolls for December 26, 1775, and he was in the Continental Army in 1776. The "Minuteman III" LGM-30G remains in service. He was chosen Captain by election 8th company, 2nd Berkshire Regiment May 4, 1776. and fought at the Battle of Bennington Aug 1777. In Alan Moore's Watchmen graphic novel the first masked vigilantes assembled are titled the Minutemen. Minutemen tended to get more training in line tactics and drill than the regular militia. Prescotts men continued their digging in spite of this bombardment, suffering several casualties, including Lieutenant Joseph Spaulding of Asa Lawrences company, who was decapitated by a cannon ball as he stood next to Colonel William Prescott. The defenders had run out of ammunition, reducing the battle to close combat. Since Putnam and Prescott were more experienced with war he declined command. Samuel Adams and John Hancock spent the night of April 19, 1775 with the Wymans. The British soldiers, probably without orders, then opened fire on the Americans. 12 Attleborough serving in the 9th campaign, known as the quot;quarter-draft or three months campaign, begun in Dec., 1776;also, Capt. Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson-in-law Jacob Patch ( 1747 Groton. regt. In the morning, mounted re-enactors with state police escorts retrace the rides ofPaul RevereandWilliam Dawes, calling out warnings the whole way. [Warren was commissioned aMajor Generalin the colonys militia shortly before the June 17, 1775Battle of Bunker Hill. 12 Attleborough who served in the 1st campaign, known as the 8 months campaign. It is a myth that the British and other professional armies of the 1700s did not practice marksmanship with their muskets; the military ammunition of the time was made for fast reloading and more than a dozen consecutive shots without cleaning. Capt. minuteman, in U.S. history, an American Revolution militiaman who agreed to be ready for military duty "at a minute's warning." The first minutemen were organized in Worcester county, Massachusetts, in September 1774, when revolutionary leaders sought to eliminate Tories from the old militia by requiring the resignation of all officers and reconstituting the men into seven regiments with . Just prior to the action, further reinforcements arrived, including portions of Massachusetts regiments of Colonels Brewer,Nixon,Woodbridge,Little, and Major Moore, as well as Callenders company of artillery. When 700 British Redcoats marched up to Lexington Green at dawn on that morning, the Lexington Minutemen were there to meet them. Service 6 days. ; service from Sept. 29, 1777, at Tiverton; reported enlisted out Oct. 9, 1777. He was among those inspiring the men to hold rank against superior numbers. 14 Apr 1775 General Thomas Gage,received instructions fromSecretary of StateWilliam Legge, Earl of Dartmouth, to disarm the rebels, who were known to have hidden weapons in Concord, among other locations, and to imprison the rebellions leaders, especiallySamuel AdamsandJohn Hancock. Four times each year, militia companies were legally obligated to document all persons living within their areas of responsibility who qualified for the militia and a report on the number and condition of the units' weapons. The wars first battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts were fought mostly by militia with some minutemen units. The royal authorities in Boston had seen these increasing numbers of militia appearing and thought that the militia would not interfere if they sent a sizable force to Concord to seize munitions and stores there (which they considered the King's property, since it was paid for to defend the colonies from the American Indian threat). Served in the Company commanded by Captain Christopher Woodbridge in the Massachusetts line: Fought and was wounded in the Battle of Bunker Hill: Applied for and received a pension in 1818; Widow Mercy applied and received pension in 1831; Edward HAZEN Jr.sgrandsonBenjamin Jewett (1724 Groton 1776 Ticonderoga, New York). Early the next morning, the British reached Lexington, where approximately 70 minutemen had gathered on the village green. His story started 19 Apr 1755 as a a private in Capt. The royal authorities inadvertently gave the new Minuteman mobilization plans validation by several "show the flag" demonstrations by General Gage through 1774. 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